Breast fibrosis after radiotherapy: the skin and tissue become firmer. What helps: physiotherapy, fat grafting (lipofilling), implant questions and reconstruction.

Part of the fat is always absorbed after fat grafting; that is normal. We speak of failed fat grafting when there is too little volume, an uneven result, or hard lumps (fat necrosis). Read why it sometimes does not work and what can still be done.

Breast tissue expander: how the fills work, why it can hurt, how long it stays in and what to do if it has moved or causes problems. Answers from a surgeon.

Breast implant above or under the muscle? Both positions are well established. Learn how skin quality, radiation and your own wishes shape the choice.

Where are the scars after a DIEP flap, what do healed DIEP flap scars look like, and how do you care for them? A plain-language guide to the belly scar, belly button and breast scars.

How long is recovery after mastectomy with immediate reconstruction? 4 to 6 weeks with an implant or expander, 12 to 16 weeks to full activity after a DIEP flap. Timeline per method, single vs double mastectomy, drains, work, driving and radiotherapy.

Latissimus dorsi flap recovery week by week: hospital stay, drains, the back scar, seroma, shoulder exercises and when you can return to work and sport.

A Becker expander implant is a tissue expander and breast implant in one. It is filled with saline after surgery; then the port is removed and it stays as the permanent implant. How it works, Becker 25/35/50, who it suits, risks, recovery and how it compares with a standard expander.

Where to learn about DIEP flap breast reconstruction online: a free hub by Dr. Mahyar Foumani with a short orientation on the surgery, recovery, complications and 3D animations, plus links to the full guides. Available in six languages.

Gluteal flap breast reconstruction (SGAP and IGAP) uses tissue from the buttocks to rebuild the breast when abdominal tissue is not available. Surgery takes 5 to 8 hours, preserves all gluteal muscles, and produces natural-looking results. Includes 3D surgical animation, recovery timeline, and FAQs by Dr. Foumani.

Looking for 3D animated videos of breast reconstruction surgery? Watch free animations by Dr. Foumani covering DIEP flap, implant-based reconstruction, Grisotti flap, and more.

Learning that you carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene change is a life-changing moment. These gene changes greatly raise the lifetime risk of breast cancer — up to about 72% for BRCA1 carriers and up to about 69% for BRCA2 carriers. For many women facing this, a preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy — removing both breasts before any cancer develops — is a strong way to take control of their health. But this decision is about far more than the surgery itself. To make a choice that fee

For women looking at breast reconstruction after a mastectomy, the idea of rebuilding a breast entirely from your own body — with no implant and no major flap surgery — may sound almost too good to be true. Yet advances in fat grafting, also called lipofilling or fat transfer, have made this a real and increasingly refined option for carefully chosen patients. The approach uses fat taken from other parts of your body to slowly build a new breast mound over several sessions. I

After breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy, many women notice changes in the shape of their treated breast. A small dent, an indentation, or a subtle asymmetry can develop over time as radiation effects cause tissue contraction and firmness. While these changes are usually mild, they can affect confidence and comfort. Fat grafting — also known as lipofilling — offers a remarkably effective and minimally invasive solution for correcting these small breast defects us

Nipple reconstruction, 3D nipple tattoo or prosthetic nipple after breast reconstruction: your options, timing, how each is done and how long results last.

An AICAP flap fills the gap in the lower or inner breast after a lumpectomy with skin and fat from below the breast. Read who it suits, scars and recovery.

A LICAP flap fills the gap in the upper or outer breast after a lumpectomy with skin and fat from the side of the chest. Read who it suits, scars and recovery.

Discover why secondary (delayed) breast reconstruction after cancer treatment offers unique advantages including emotional clarity, better surgical outcomes, and the full range of reconstruction options. Learn how waiting can bring peace of mind.

Radiation therapy is one of the most important things that affects the result of breast reconstruction. Maybe you are planning reconstruction before, during, or after radiation. Either way, it helps to understand how radiation changes your tissue, so you can make good decisions with your surgical team. This guide explains what radiation does to breast tissue, and how that shapes your reconstruction options. How Radiation Changes Breast Tissue Radiation therapy targets cancer

The Goldilocks procedure (Goldilocks closure) shapes a small breast mound from your own skin and fat during mastectomy. Who qualifies, how it works, and recovery week by week.